reverse_debugging.py (7211B)
1 # Reverse debugging test 2 # 3 # Copyright (c) 2020 ISP RAS 4 # 5 # Author: 6 # Pavel Dovgalyuk <Pavel.Dovgalyuk@ispras.ru> 7 # 8 # This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or 9 # later. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. 10 import os 11 import logging 12 13 from avocado import skipIf 14 from avocado_qemu import BUILD_DIR 15 from avocado.utils import gdb 16 from avocado.utils import process 17 from avocado.utils.network.ports import find_free_port 18 from avocado.utils.path import find_command 19 from boot_linux_console import LinuxKernelTest 20 21 class ReverseDebugging(LinuxKernelTest): 22 """ 23 Test GDB reverse debugging commands: reverse step and reverse continue. 24 Recording saves the execution of some instructions and makes an initial 25 VM snapshot to allow reverse execution. 26 Replay saves the order of the first instructions and then checks that they 27 are executed backwards in the correct order. 28 After that the execution is replayed to the end, and reverse continue 29 command is checked by setting several breakpoints, and asserting 30 that the execution is stopped at the last of them. 31 """ 32 33 timeout = 10 34 STEPS = 10 35 endian_is_le = True 36 37 def run_vm(self, record, shift, args, replay_path, image_path, port): 38 logger = logging.getLogger('replay') 39 vm = self.get_vm() 40 vm.set_console() 41 if record: 42 logger.info('recording the execution...') 43 mode = 'record' 44 else: 45 logger.info('replaying the execution...') 46 mode = 'replay' 47 vm.add_args('-gdb', 'tcp::%d' % port, '-S') 48 vm.add_args('-icount', 'shift=%s,rr=%s,rrfile=%s,rrsnapshot=init' % 49 (shift, mode, replay_path), 50 '-net', 'none') 51 vm.add_args('-drive', 'file=%s,if=none' % image_path) 52 if args: 53 vm.add_args(*args) 54 vm.launch() 55 return vm 56 57 @staticmethod 58 def get_reg_le(g, reg): 59 res = g.cmd(b'p%x' % reg) 60 num = 0 61 for i in range(len(res))[-2::-2]: 62 num = 0x100 * num + int(res[i:i + 2], 16) 63 return num 64 65 @staticmethod 66 def get_reg_be(g, reg): 67 res = g.cmd(b'p%x' % reg) 68 return int(res, 16) 69 70 def get_reg(self, g, reg): 71 # value may be encoded in BE or LE order 72 if self.endian_is_le: 73 return self.get_reg_le(g, reg) 74 else: 75 return self.get_reg_be(g, reg) 76 77 def get_pc(self, g): 78 return self.get_reg(g, self.REG_PC) 79 80 def check_pc(self, g, addr): 81 pc = self.get_pc(g) 82 if pc != addr: 83 self.fail('Invalid PC (read %x instead of %x)' % (pc, addr)) 84 85 @staticmethod 86 def gdb_step(g): 87 g.cmd(b's', b'T05thread:01;') 88 89 @staticmethod 90 def gdb_bstep(g): 91 g.cmd(b'bs', b'T05thread:01;') 92 93 @staticmethod 94 def vm_get_icount(vm): 95 return vm.qmp('query-replay')['return']['icount'] 96 97 def reverse_debugging(self, shift=7, args=None): 98 logger = logging.getLogger('replay') 99 100 # create qcow2 for snapshots 101 logger.info('creating qcow2 image for VM snapshots') 102 image_path = os.path.join(self.workdir, 'disk.qcow2') 103 qemu_img = os.path.join(BUILD_DIR, 'qemu-img') 104 if not os.path.exists(qemu_img): 105 qemu_img = find_command('qemu-img', False) 106 if qemu_img is False: 107 self.cancel('Could not find "qemu-img", which is required to ' 108 'create the temporary qcow2 image') 109 cmd = '%s create -f qcow2 %s 128M' % (qemu_img, image_path) 110 process.run(cmd) 111 112 replay_path = os.path.join(self.workdir, 'replay.bin') 113 port = find_free_port() 114 115 # record the log 116 vm = self.run_vm(True, shift, args, replay_path, image_path, port) 117 while self.vm_get_icount(vm) <= self.STEPS: 118 pass 119 last_icount = self.vm_get_icount(vm) 120 vm.shutdown() 121 122 logger.info("recorded log with %s+ steps" % last_icount) 123 124 # replay and run debug commands 125 vm = self.run_vm(False, shift, args, replay_path, image_path, port) 126 logger.info('connecting to gdbstub') 127 g = gdb.GDBRemote('127.0.0.1', port, False, False) 128 g.connect() 129 r = g.cmd(b'qSupported') 130 if b'qXfer:features:read+' in r: 131 g.cmd(b'qXfer:features:read:target.xml:0,ffb') 132 if b'ReverseStep+' not in r: 133 self.fail('Reverse step is not supported by QEMU') 134 if b'ReverseContinue+' not in r: 135 self.fail('Reverse continue is not supported by QEMU') 136 137 logger.info('stepping forward') 138 steps = [] 139 # record first instruction addresses 140 for _ in range(self.STEPS): 141 pc = self.get_pc(g) 142 logger.info('saving position %x' % pc) 143 steps.append(pc) 144 self.gdb_step(g) 145 146 # visit the recorded instruction in reverse order 147 logger.info('stepping backward') 148 for addr in steps[::-1]: 149 self.gdb_bstep(g) 150 self.check_pc(g, addr) 151 logger.info('found position %x' % addr) 152 153 logger.info('seeking to the end (icount %s)' % (last_icount - 1)) 154 vm.qmp('replay-break', icount=last_icount - 1) 155 # continue - will return after pausing 156 g.cmd(b'c', b'T02thread:01;') 157 158 logger.info('setting breakpoints') 159 for addr in steps: 160 # hardware breakpoint at addr with len=1 161 g.cmd(b'Z1,%x,1' % addr, b'OK') 162 163 logger.info('running reverse continue to reach %x' % steps[-1]) 164 # reverse continue - will return after stopping at the breakpoint 165 g.cmd(b'bc', b'T05thread:01;') 166 167 # assume that none of the first instructions is executed again 168 # breaking the order of the breakpoints 169 self.check_pc(g, steps[-1]) 170 logger.info('successfully reached %x' % steps[-1]) 171 172 logger.info('exitting gdb and qemu') 173 vm.shutdown() 174 175 class ReverseDebugging_X86_64(ReverseDebugging): 176 REG_PC = 0x10 177 REG_CS = 0x12 178 def get_pc(self, g): 179 return self.get_reg_le(g, self.REG_PC) \ 180 + self.get_reg_le(g, self.REG_CS) * 0x10 181 182 # unidentified gitlab timeout problem 183 @skipIf(os.getenv('GITLAB_CI'), 'Running on GitLab') 184 def test_x86_64_pc(self): 185 """ 186 :avocado: tags=arch:x86_64 187 :avocado: tags=machine:pc 188 """ 189 # start with BIOS only 190 self.reverse_debugging() 191 192 class ReverseDebugging_AArch64(ReverseDebugging): 193 REG_PC = 32 194 195 # unidentified gitlab timeout problem 196 @skipIf(os.getenv('GITLAB_CI'), 'Running on GitLab') 197 def test_aarch64_virt(self): 198 """ 199 :avocado: tags=arch:aarch64 200 :avocado: tags=machine:virt 201 :avocado: tags=cpu:cortex-a53 202 """ 203 kernel_url = ('https://archives.fedoraproject.org/pub/archive/fedora' 204 '/linux/releases/29/Everything/aarch64/os/images/pxeboot' 205 '/vmlinuz') 206 kernel_hash = '8c73e469fc6ea06a58dc83a628fc695b693b8493' 207 kernel_path = self.fetch_asset(kernel_url, asset_hash=kernel_hash) 208 209 self.reverse_debugging( 210 args=('-kernel', kernel_path))