qemu

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device-crash-test (25412B)


      1 #!/usr/bin/env python3
      2 #
      3 #  Copyright (c) 2017 Red Hat Inc
      4 #
      5 # Author:
      6 #  Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
      7 #
      8 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
      9 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
     10 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
     11 # (at your option) any later version.
     12 #
     13 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     14 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     15 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     16 # GNU General Public License for more details.
     17 #
     18 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
     19 # with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
     20 # 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
     21 
     22 """
     23 Run QEMU with all combinations of -machine and -device types,
     24 check for crashes and unexpected errors.
     25 """
     26 
     27 import os
     28 import sys
     29 import glob
     30 import logging
     31 import traceback
     32 import re
     33 import random
     34 import argparse
     35 from itertools import chain
     36 from pathlib import Path
     37 
     38 try:
     39     from qemu.machine import QEMUMachine
     40     from qemu.qmp import ConnectError
     41 except ModuleNotFoundError as exc:
     42     path = Path(__file__).resolve()
     43     print(f"Module '{exc.name}' not found.")
     44     print("  Try 'make check-venv' from your build directory,")
     45     print("  and then one way to run this script is like so:")
     46     print(f'  > $builddir/tests/venv/bin/python3 "{path}"')
     47     sys.exit(1)
     48 
     49 logger = logging.getLogger('device-crash-test')
     50 dbg = logger.debug
     51 
     52 
     53 # Purposes of the following rule list:
     54 # * Avoiding verbose log messages when we find known non-fatal
     55 #   (exitcode=1) errors
     56 # * Avoiding fatal errors when we find known crashes
     57 # * Skipping machines/devices that are known not to work out of
     58 #   the box, when running in --quick mode
     59 #
     60 # Keeping the rule list updated is desirable, but not required,
     61 # because unexpected cases where QEMU exits with exitcode=1 will
     62 # just trigger a INFO message.
     63 
     64 # Valid error rule keys:
     65 # * accel: regexp, full match only
     66 # * machine: regexp, full match only
     67 # * device: regexp, full match only
     68 # * log: regexp, partial match allowed
     69 # * exitcode: if not present, defaults to 1. If None, matches any exitcode
     70 # * warn: if True, matching failures will be logged as warnings
     71 # * expected: if True, QEMU is expected to always fail every time
     72 #   when testing the corresponding test case
     73 # * loglevel: log level of log output when there's a match.
     74 ERROR_RULE_LIST = [
     75     # Machines that won't work out of the box:
     76     #             MACHINE                         | ERROR MESSAGE
     77     {'machine':'niagara', 'expected':True},       # Unable to load a firmware for -M niagara
     78     {'machine':'boston', 'expected':True},        # Please provide either a -kernel or -bios argument
     79     {'machine':'leon3_generic', 'expected':True}, # Can't read bios image (null)
     80 
     81     # devices that don't work out of the box because they require extra options to "-device DEV":
     82     #            DEVICE                                    | ERROR MESSAGE
     83     {'device':'.*-(i386|x86_64)-cpu', 'expected':True},    # CPU socket-id is not set
     84     {'device':'icp', 'expected':True},                     # icp_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
     85     {'device':'ics', 'expected':True},                     # ics_base_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
     86     # "-device ide-cd" does work on more recent QEMU versions, so it doesn't have expected=True
     87     {'device':'ide-cd'},                                 # No drive specified
     88     {'device':'ide-hd', 'expected':True},                  # No drive specified
     89     {'device':'ipmi-bmc-extern', 'expected':True},         # IPMI external bmc requires chardev attribute
     90     {'device':'isa-debugcon', 'expected':True},            # Can't create serial device, empty char device
     91     {'device':'isa-ipmi-bt', 'expected':True},             # IPMI device requires a bmc attribute to be set
     92     {'device':'isa-ipmi-kcs', 'expected':True},            # IPMI device requires a bmc attribute to be set
     93     {'device':'isa-parallel', 'expected':True},            # Can't create serial device, empty char device
     94     {'device':'ivshmem-doorbell', 'expected':True},        # You must specify a 'chardev'
     95     {'device':'ivshmem-plain', 'expected':True},           # You must specify a 'memdev'
     96     {'device':'loader', 'expected':True},                  # please include valid arguments
     97     {'device':'nand', 'expected':True},                    # Unsupported NAND block size 0x1
     98     {'device':'nvdimm', 'expected':True},                  # 'memdev' property is not set
     99     {'device':'nvme', 'expected':True},                    # Device initialization failed
    100     {'device':'pc-dimm', 'expected':True},                 # 'memdev' property is not set
    101     {'device':'pci-bridge', 'expected':True},              # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0.
    102     {'device':'pci-bridge-seat', 'expected':True},         # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0.
    103     {'device':'pxb', 'expected':True},                     # Bridge chassis not specified. Each bridge is required to be assigned a unique chassis id > 0.
    104     {'device':'pxb-cxl', 'expected':True},                 # pxb-cxl devices cannot reside on a PCI bus.
    105     {'device':'scsi-block', 'expected':True},              # drive property not set
    106     {'device':'scsi-generic', 'expected':True},            # drive property not set
    107     {'device':'scsi-hd', 'expected':True},                 # drive property not set
    108     {'device':'spapr-pci-host-bridge', 'expected':True},   # BUID not specified for PHB
    109     {'device':'spapr-rng', 'expected':True},               # spapr-rng needs an RNG backend!
    110     {'device':'spapr-vty', 'expected':True},               # chardev property not set
    111     {'device':'tpm-tis', 'expected':True},                 # tpm_tis: backend driver with id (null) could not be found
    112     {'device':'unimplemented-device', 'expected':True},    # property 'size' not specified or zero
    113     {'device':'usb-braille', 'expected':True},             # Property chardev is required
    114     {'device':'usb-mtp', 'expected':True},                 # rootdir property must be configured
    115     {'device':'usb-redir', 'expected':True},               # Parameter 'chardev' is missing
    116     {'device':'usb-serial', 'expected':True},              # Property chardev is required
    117     {'device':'usb-storage', 'expected':True},             # drive property not set
    118     {'device':'vfio-amd-xgbe', 'expected':True},           # -device vfio-amd-xgbe: vfio error: wrong host device name
    119     {'device':'vfio-calxeda-xgmac', 'expected':True},      # -device vfio-calxeda-xgmac: vfio error: wrong host device name
    120     {'device':'vfio-pci', 'expected':True},                # No provided host device
    121     {'device':'vfio-pci-igd-lpc-bridge', 'expected':True}, # VFIO dummy ISA/LPC bridge must have address 1f.0
    122     {'device':'vhost-scsi.*', 'expected':True},            # vhost-scsi: missing wwpn
    123     {'device':'vhost-vsock-device', 'expected':True},      # guest-cid property must be greater than 2
    124     {'device':'vhost-vsock-pci', 'expected':True},         # guest-cid property must be greater than 2
    125     {'device':'virtio-9p-ccw', 'expected':True},           # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL
    126     {'device':'virtio-9p-device', 'expected':True},        # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL
    127     {'device':'virtio-9p-pci', 'expected':True},           # 9pfs device couldn't find fsdev with the id = NULL
    128     {'device':'virtio-blk-ccw', 'expected':True},          # drive property not set
    129     {'device':'virtio-blk-device', 'expected':True},       # drive property not set
    130     {'device':'virtio-blk-device', 'expected':True},       # drive property not set
    131     {'device':'virtio-blk-pci', 'expected':True},          # drive property not set
    132     {'device':'virtio-crypto-ccw', 'expected':True},       # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object
    133     {'device':'virtio-crypto-device', 'expected':True},    # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object
    134     {'device':'virtio-crypto-pci', 'expected':True},       # 'cryptodev' parameter expects a valid object
    135     {'device':'virtio-input-host-device', 'expected':True}, # evdev property is required
    136     {'device':'virtio-input-host-pci', 'expected':True},   # evdev property is required
    137     {'device':'xen-pvdevice', 'expected':True},            # Device ID invalid, it must always be supplied
    138     {'device':'vhost-vsock-ccw', 'expected':True},         # guest-cid property must be greater than 2
    139     {'device':'zpci', 'expected':True},                    # target must be defined
    140     {'device':'pnv-(occ|icp|lpc)', 'expected':True},       # required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
    141     {'device':'powernv-cpu-.*', 'expected':True},          # pnv_core_realize: required link 'xics' not found: Property '.xics' not found
    142 
    143     # ioapic devices are already created by pc and will fail:
    144     {'machine':'q35|pc.*', 'device':'kvm-ioapic', 'expected':True}, # Only 1 ioapics allowed
    145     {'machine':'q35|pc.*', 'device':'ioapic', 'expected':True},     # Only 1 ioapics allowed
    146 
    147     # "spapr-cpu-core needs a pseries machine"
    148     {'machine':'(?!pseries).*', 'device':'.*-spapr-cpu-core', 'expected':True},
    149 
    150     # KVM-specific devices shouldn't be tried without accel=kvm:
    151     {'accel':'(?!kvm).*', 'device':'kvmclock', 'expected':True},
    152 
    153     # xen-specific machines and devices:
    154     {'accel':'(?!xen).*', 'machine':'xen.*', 'expected':True},
    155     {'accel':'(?!xen).*', 'device':'xen-.*', 'expected':True},
    156 
    157     # this fails on some machine-types, but not all, so they don't have expected=True:
    158     {'device':'vmgenid'}, # vmgenid requires DMA write support in fw_cfg, which this machine type does not provide
    159 
    160     # Silence INFO messages for errors that are common on multiple
    161     # devices/machines:
    162     {'log':r"No '[\w-]+' bus found for device '[\w-]+'"},
    163     {'log':r"images* must be given with the 'pflash' parameter"},
    164     {'log':r"(Guest|ROM|Flash|Kernel) image must be specified"},
    165     {'log':r"[cC]ould not load [\w ]+ (BIOS|bios) '[\w-]+\.bin'"},
    166     {'log':r"Couldn't find rom image '[\w-]+\.bin'"},
    167     {'log':r"speed mismatch trying to attach usb device"},
    168     {'log':r"Can't create a second ISA bus"},
    169     {'log':r"duplicate fw_cfg file name"},
    170     # sysbus-related error messages: most machines reject most dynamic sysbus devices:
    171     {'log':r"Option '-device [\w.,-]+' cannot be handled by this machine"},
    172     {'log':r"Device [\w.,-]+ is not supported by this machine yet"},
    173     {'log':r"Device [\w.,-]+ can not be dynamically instantiated"},
    174     {'log':r"Platform Bus: Can not fit MMIO region of size "},
    175     # other more specific errors we will ignore:
    176     {'device':'.*-spapr-cpu-core', 'log':r"CPU core type should be"},
    177     {'log':r"MSI(-X)? is not supported by interrupt controller"},
    178     {'log':r"pxb-pcie? devices cannot reside on a PCIe? bus"},
    179     {'log':r"Ignoring smp_cpus value"},
    180     {'log':r"sd_init failed: Drive 'sd0' is already in use because it has been automatically connected to another device"},
    181     {'log':r"This CPU requires a smaller page size than the system is using"},
    182     {'log':r"MSI-X support is mandatory in the S390 architecture"},
    183     {'log':r"rom check and register reset failed"},
    184     {'log':r"Unable to initialize GIC, CPUState for CPU#0 not valid"},
    185     {'log':r"Multiple VT220 operator consoles are not supported"},
    186     {'log':r"core 0 already populated"},
    187     {'log':r"could not find stage1 bootloader"},
    188 
    189     # other exitcode=1 failures not listed above will just generate INFO messages:
    190     {'exitcode':1, 'loglevel':logging.INFO},
    191 
    192     # everything else (including SIGABRT and SIGSEGV) will be a fatal error:
    193     {'exitcode':None, 'fatal':True, 'loglevel':logging.FATAL},
    194 ]
    195 
    196 
    197 def errorRuleTestCaseMatch(rule, t):
    198     """Check if a test case specification can match a error rule
    199 
    200     This only checks if a error rule is a candidate match
    201     for a given test case, it won't check if the test case
    202     results/output match the rule.  See ruleListResultMatch().
    203     """
    204     return (('machine' not in rule or
    205              'machine' not in t or
    206              re.match(rule['machine'] + '$', t['machine'])) and
    207             ('accel' not in rule or
    208              'accel' not in t or
    209              re.match(rule['accel'] + '$', t['accel'])) and
    210             ('device' not in rule or
    211              'device' not in t or
    212              re.match(rule['device'] + '$', t['device'])))
    213 
    214 
    215 def ruleListCandidates(t):
    216     """Generate the list of candidates that can match a test case"""
    217     for i, rule in enumerate(ERROR_RULE_LIST):
    218         if errorRuleTestCaseMatch(rule, t):
    219             yield (i, rule)
    220 
    221 
    222 def findExpectedResult(t):
    223     """Check if there's an expected=True error rule for a test case
    224 
    225     Returns (i, rule) tuple, where i is the index in
    226     ERROR_RULE_LIST and rule is the error rule itself.
    227     """
    228     for i, rule in ruleListCandidates(t):
    229         if rule.get('expected'):
    230             return (i, rule)
    231 
    232 
    233 def ruleListResultMatch(rule, r):
    234     """Check if test case results/output match a error rule
    235 
    236     It is valid to call this function only if
    237     errorRuleTestCaseMatch() is True for the rule (e.g. on
    238     rules returned by ruleListCandidates())
    239     """
    240     assert errorRuleTestCaseMatch(rule, r['testcase'])
    241     return ((rule.get('exitcode', 1) is None or
    242              r['exitcode'] == rule.get('exitcode', 1)) and
    243             ('log' not in rule or
    244              re.search(rule['log'], r['log'], re.MULTILINE)))
    245 
    246 
    247 def checkResultRuleList(r):
    248     """Look up error rule for a given test case result
    249 
    250     Returns (i, rule) tuple, where i is the index in
    251     ERROR_RULE_LIST and rule is the error rule itself.
    252     """
    253     for i, rule in ruleListCandidates(r['testcase']):
    254         if ruleListResultMatch(rule, r):
    255             return i, rule
    256 
    257     raise Exception("this should never happen")
    258 
    259 
    260 def qemuOptsEscape(s):
    261     """Escape option value QemuOpts"""
    262     return s.replace(",", ",,")
    263 
    264 
    265 def formatTestCase(t):
    266     """Format test case info as "key=value key=value" for prettier logging output"""
    267     return ' '.join('%s=%s' % (k, v) for k, v in t.items())
    268 
    269 
    270 def qomListTypeNames(vm, **kwargs):
    271     """Run qom-list-types QMP command, return type names"""
    272     types = vm.command('qom-list-types', **kwargs)
    273     return [t['name'] for t in types]
    274 
    275 
    276 def infoQDM(vm):
    277     """Parse 'info qdm' output"""
    278     args = {'command-line': 'info qdm'}
    279     devhelp = vm.command('human-monitor-command', **args)
    280     for l in devhelp.split('\n'):
    281         l = l.strip()
    282         if l == '' or l.endswith(':'):
    283             continue
    284         d = {'name': re.search(r'name "([^"]+)"', l).group(1),
    285              'no-user': (re.search(', no-user', l) is not None)}
    286         yield d
    287 
    288 
    289 class QemuBinaryInfo(object):
    290     def __init__(self, binary, devtype):
    291         if devtype is None:
    292             devtype = 'device'
    293 
    294         self.binary = binary
    295         self._machine_info = {}
    296 
    297         dbg("devtype: %r", devtype)
    298         args = ['-S', '-machine', 'none,accel=kvm:tcg']
    299         dbg("querying info for QEMU binary: %s", binary)
    300         vm = QEMUMachine(binary=binary, args=args)
    301         vm.launch()
    302         try:
    303             self.alldevs = set(qomListTypeNames(vm, implements=devtype, abstract=False))
    304             # there's no way to query DeviceClass::user_creatable using QMP,
    305             # so use 'info qdm':
    306             self.no_user_devs = set([d['name'] for d in infoQDM(vm, ) if d['no-user']])
    307             self.machines = list(m['name'] for m in vm.command('query-machines'))
    308             self.user_devs = self.alldevs.difference(self.no_user_devs)
    309             self.kvm_available = vm.command('query-kvm')['enabled']
    310         finally:
    311             vm.shutdown()
    312 
    313     def machineInfo(self, machine):
    314         """Query for information on a specific machine-type
    315 
    316         Results are cached internally, in case the same machine-
    317         type is queried multiple times.
    318         """
    319         if machine in self._machine_info:
    320             return self._machine_info[machine]
    321 
    322         mi = {}
    323         args = ['-S', '-machine', '%s' % (machine)]
    324         dbg("querying machine info for binary=%s machine=%s", self.binary, machine)
    325         vm = QEMUMachine(binary=self.binary, args=args)
    326         try:
    327             vm.launch()
    328             mi['runnable'] = True
    329         except Exception:
    330             dbg("exception trying to run binary=%s machine=%s", self.binary, machine, exc_info=sys.exc_info())
    331             dbg("log: %r", vm.get_log())
    332             mi['runnable'] = False
    333 
    334         vm.shutdown()
    335         self._machine_info[machine] = mi
    336         return mi
    337 
    338 
    339 BINARY_INFO = {}
    340 
    341 
    342 def getBinaryInfo(args, binary):
    343     if binary not in BINARY_INFO:
    344         BINARY_INFO[binary] = QemuBinaryInfo(binary, args.devtype)
    345     return BINARY_INFO[binary]
    346 
    347 
    348 def checkOneCase(args, testcase):
    349     """Check one specific case
    350 
    351     Returns a dictionary containing failure information on error,
    352     or None on success
    353     """
    354     binary = testcase['binary']
    355     accel = testcase['accel']
    356     machine = testcase['machine']
    357     device = testcase['device']
    358 
    359     dbg("will test: %r", testcase)
    360 
    361     args = ['-S', '-machine', '%s,accel=%s' % (machine, accel),
    362             '-device', qemuOptsEscape(device)]
    363     cmdline = ' '.join([binary] + args)
    364     dbg("will launch QEMU: %s", cmdline)
    365     vm = QEMUMachine(binary=binary, args=args, qmp_timer=15)
    366 
    367     exc = None
    368     exc_traceback = None
    369     try:
    370         vm.launch()
    371     except Exception as this_exc:
    372         exc = this_exc
    373         exc_traceback = traceback.format_exc()
    374         dbg("Exception while running test case")
    375     finally:
    376         vm.shutdown()
    377         ec = vm.exitcode()
    378         log = vm.get_log()
    379 
    380     if exc is not None or ec != 0:
    381         return {'exc': exc,
    382                 'exc_traceback':exc_traceback,
    383                 'exitcode':ec,
    384                 'log':log,
    385                 'testcase':testcase,
    386                 'cmdline':cmdline}
    387 
    388 
    389 def binariesToTest(args, testcase):
    390     if args.qemu:
    391         r = args.qemu
    392     else:
    393         r = [f.path for f in os.scandir('.')
    394              if f.name.startswith('qemu-system-') and
    395                 f.is_file() and os.access(f, os.X_OK)]
    396     return r
    397 
    398 
    399 def accelsToTest(args, testcase):
    400     if getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).kvm_available:
    401         yield 'kvm'
    402     yield 'tcg'
    403 
    404 
    405 def machinesToTest(args, testcase):
    406     return getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).machines
    407 
    408 
    409 def devicesToTest(args, testcase):
    410     return getBinaryInfo(args, testcase['binary']).user_devs
    411 
    412 
    413 TESTCASE_VARIABLES = [
    414     ('binary', binariesToTest),
    415     ('accel', accelsToTest),
    416     ('machine', machinesToTest),
    417     ('device', devicesToTest),
    418 ]
    419 
    420 
    421 def genCases1(args, testcases, var, fn):
    422     """Generate new testcases for one variable
    423 
    424     If an existing item already has a variable set, don't
    425     generate new items and just return it directly. This
    426     allows the "-t" command-line option to be used to choose
    427     a specific test case.
    428     """
    429     for testcase in testcases:
    430         if var in testcase:
    431             yield testcase.copy()
    432         else:
    433             for i in fn(args, testcase):
    434                 t = testcase.copy()
    435                 t[var] = i
    436                 yield t
    437 
    438 
    439 def genCases(args, testcase):
    440     """Generate test cases for all variables
    441     """
    442     cases = [testcase.copy()]
    443     for var, fn in TESTCASE_VARIABLES:
    444         dbg("var: %r, fn: %r", var, fn)
    445         cases = genCases1(args, cases, var, fn)
    446     return cases
    447 
    448 
    449 def casesToTest(args, testcase):
    450     cases = genCases(args, testcase)
    451     if args.random:
    452         cases = list(cases)
    453         cases = random.sample(cases, min(args.random, len(cases)))
    454     if args.debug:
    455         cases = list(cases)
    456         dbg("%d test cases to test", len(cases))
    457     if args.shuffle:
    458         cases = list(cases)
    459         random.shuffle(cases)
    460     return cases
    461 
    462 
    463 def logFailure(f, level):
    464     t = f['testcase']
    465     logger.log(level, "failed: %s", formatTestCase(t))
    466     logger.log(level, "cmdline: %s", f['cmdline'])
    467     for l in f['log'].strip().split('\n'):
    468         logger.log(level, "log: %s", l)
    469     logger.log(level, "exit code: %r", f['exitcode'])
    470 
    471     # If the Exception is merely a QMP connect error,
    472     # reduce the logging level for its traceback to
    473     # improve visual clarity.
    474     if isinstance(f.get('exc'), ConnectError):
    475         logger.log(level, "%s.%s: %s",
    476                    type(f['exc']).__module__,
    477                    type(f['exc']).__qualname__,
    478                    str(f['exc']))
    479         level = logging.DEBUG
    480 
    481     if f['exc_traceback']:
    482         logger.log(level, "exception:")
    483         for l in f['exc_traceback'].split('\n'):
    484             logger.log(level, "  %s", l.rstrip('\n'))
    485 
    486 
    487 def main():
    488     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="QEMU -device crash test")
    489     parser.add_argument('-t', metavar='KEY=VALUE', nargs='*',
    490                         help="Limit test cases to KEY=VALUE",
    491                         action='append', dest='testcases', default=[])
    492     parser.add_argument('-d', '--debug', action='store_true',
    493                         help='debug output')
    494     parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true', default=True,
    495                         help='verbose output')
    496     parser.add_argument('-q', '--quiet', dest='verbose', action='store_false',
    497                         help='non-verbose output')
    498     parser.add_argument('-r', '--random', type=int, metavar='COUNT',
    499                         help='run a random sample of COUNT test cases',
    500                         default=0)
    501     parser.add_argument('--shuffle', action='store_true',
    502                         help='Run test cases in random order')
    503     parser.add_argument('--dry-run', action='store_true',
    504                         help="Don't run any tests, just generate list")
    505     parser.add_argument('-D', '--devtype', metavar='TYPE',
    506                         help="Test only device types that implement TYPE")
    507     parser.add_argument('-Q', '--quick', action='store_true', default=True,
    508                         help="Quick mode: skip test cases that are expected to fail")
    509     parser.add_argument('-F', '--full', action='store_false', dest='quick',
    510                         help="Full mode: test cases that are expected to fail")
    511     parser.add_argument('--strict', action='store_true', dest='strict',
    512                         help="Treat all warnings as fatal")
    513     parser.add_argument('qemu', nargs='*', metavar='QEMU',
    514                         help='QEMU binary to run')
    515     args = parser.parse_args()
    516 
    517     if args.debug:
    518         lvl = logging.DEBUG
    519     elif args.verbose:
    520         lvl = logging.INFO
    521     else:
    522         lvl = logging.WARN
    523     logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=lvl, format='%(levelname)s: %(message)s')
    524 
    525     if not args.debug:
    526         # Async QMP, when in use, is chatty about connection failures.
    527         # This script knowingly generates a ton of connection errors.
    528         # Silence this logger.
    529         logging.getLogger('qemu.qmp.qmp_client').setLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
    530 
    531     fatal_failures = []
    532     wl_stats = {}
    533     skipped = 0
    534     total = 0
    535 
    536     tc = {}
    537     dbg("testcases: %r", args.testcases)
    538     if args.testcases:
    539         for t in chain(*args.testcases):
    540             for kv in t.split():
    541                 k, v = kv.split('=', 1)
    542                 tc[k] = v
    543 
    544     if len(binariesToTest(args, tc)) == 0:
    545         print("No QEMU binary found", file=sys.stderr)
    546         parser.print_usage(sys.stderr)
    547         return 1
    548 
    549     for t in casesToTest(args, tc):
    550         logger.info("running test case: %s", formatTestCase(t))
    551         total += 1
    552 
    553         expected_match = findExpectedResult(t)
    554         if (args.quick and
    555                 (expected_match or
    556                  not getBinaryInfo(args, t['binary']).machineInfo(t['machine'])['runnable'])):
    557             dbg("skipped: %s", formatTestCase(t))
    558             skipped += 1
    559             continue
    560 
    561         if args.dry_run:
    562             continue
    563 
    564         try:
    565             f = checkOneCase(args, t)
    566         except KeyboardInterrupt:
    567             break
    568 
    569         if f:
    570             i, rule = checkResultRuleList(f)
    571             dbg("testcase: %r, rule list match: %r", t, rule)
    572             wl_stats.setdefault(i, []).append(f)
    573             level = rule.get('loglevel', logging.DEBUG)
    574             logFailure(f, level)
    575             if rule.get('fatal') or (args.strict and level >= logging.WARN):
    576                 fatal_failures.append(f)
    577         else:
    578             dbg("success: %s", formatTestCase(t))
    579             if expected_match:
    580                 logger.warn("Didn't fail as expected: %s", formatTestCase(t))
    581 
    582     logger.info("Total: %d test cases", total)
    583     if skipped:
    584         logger.info("Skipped %d test cases", skipped)
    585 
    586     if args.debug:
    587         stats = sorted([(len(wl_stats.get(i, [])), rule) for i, rule in
    588                          enumerate(ERROR_RULE_LIST)], key=lambda x: x[0])
    589         for count, rule in stats:
    590             dbg("error rule stats: %d: %r", count, rule)
    591 
    592     if fatal_failures:
    593         for f in fatal_failures:
    594             t = f['testcase']
    595             logger.error("Fatal failure: %s", formatTestCase(t))
    596         logger.error("Fatal failures on some machine/device combinations")
    597         return 1
    598 
    599 if __name__ == '__main__':
    600     sys.exit(main())