qemu

FORK: QEMU emulator
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mach-virt-graphical.cfg (7282B)

      1 # mach-virt - VirtIO guest (graphical console)
      2 # =========================================================
      3 #
      4 # Usage:
      5 #
      6 #   $ qemu-system-aarch64 \
      7 #     -nodefaults \
      8 #     -readconfig mach-virt-graphical.cfg \
      9 #     -cpu host
     10 #
     11 # You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
     12 # CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
     13 #
     14 # The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
     15 # tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
     16 # and will be accessed through a graphical console.
     17 #
     18 # ---------------------------------------------------------
     19 #
     20 # Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
     21 # the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
     22 # populate the board with only the builtin peripherals,
     23 # such as the PL011 UART, plus a PCI Express Root Bus; the
     24 # user will then have to explicitly add further devices.
     25 #
     26 # The PCI Express Root Bus shows up in the guest as:
     27 #
     28 #   00:00.0 Host bridge
     29 #
     30 # This configuration file adds a number of other useful
     31 # devices, more specifically:
     32 #
     33 #   00:01.0 Display controller
     34 #   00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
     35 #   01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
     36 #   02:00.0 Ethernet controller
     37 #   03:00.0 USB controller
     38 #
     39 # More information about these devices is available below.
     40 
     41 
     42 # Machine options
     43 # =========================================================
     44 #
     45 # We use the virt machine type and enable KVM acceleration
     46 # for better performance.
     47 #
     48 # Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
     49 # yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
     50 # to obscure boot issues in some cases.
     51 #
     52 # Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model
     53 # in this file, so it will have to be provided on the
     54 # command line, but we can configure the guest to use the
     55 # same GIC version as the host.
     56 
     57 [machine]
     58   type = "virt"
     59   accel = "kvm"
     60   gic-version = "host"
     61 
     62 [memory]
     63   size = "1024"
     64 
     65 
     66 # Firmware configuration
     67 # =========================================================
     68 #
     69 # There are two parts to the firmware: a read-only image
     70 # containing the executable code, which is shared between
     71 # guests, and a read/write variable store that is owned
     72 # by one specific guest, exclusively, and is used to
     73 # record information such as the UEFI boot order.
     74 #
     75 # For any new guest, its permanent, private variable store
     76 # should initially be copied from the template file
     77 # provided along with the firmware binary.
     78 #
     79 # Depending on the OS distribution you're using on the
     80 # host, the name of the package containing the firmware
     81 # binary and variable store template, as well as the paths
     82 # to the files themselves, will be different. For example:
     83 #
     84 # Fedora
     85 #   edk2-aarch64                                      (pkg)
     86 #   /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/QEMU_EFI-pflash.raw       (bin)
     87 #   /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/vars-template-pflash.raw  (var)
     88 #
     89 # RHEL
     90 #   AAVMF                                             (pkg)
     91 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd                    (bin)
     92 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd                    (var)
     93 #
     94 # Debian/Ubuntu
     95 #   qemu-efi                                          (pkg)
     96 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd                    (bin)
     97 #   /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd                    (var)
     98 
     99 [drive "uefi-binary"]
    100   file = "/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd"       # CHANGE ME
    101   format = "raw"
    102   if = "pflash"
    103   unit = "0"
    104   readonly = "on"
    105 
    106 [drive "uefi-varstore"]
    107   file = "guest_VARS.fd"                        # CHANGE ME
    108   format = "raw"
    109   if = "pflash"
    110   unit = "1"
    111 
    112 
    113 # PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
    114 # =========================================================
    115 #
    116 # We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
    117 # all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
    118 # them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
    119 # available for hotplug.
    120 
    121 [device "pcie.1"]
    122   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    123   bus = "pcie.0"
    124   addr = "1c.0"
    125   port = "1"
    126   chassis = "1"
    127   multifunction = "on"
    128 
    129 [device "pcie.2"]
    130   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    131   bus = "pcie.0"
    132   addr = "1c.1"
    133   port = "2"
    134   chassis = "2"
    135 
    136 [device "pcie.3"]
    137   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    138   bus = "pcie.0"
    139   addr = "1c.2"
    140   port = "3"
    141   chassis = "3"
    142 
    143 [device "pcie.4"]
    144   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    145   bus = "pcie.0"
    146   addr = "1c.3"
    147   port = "4"
    148   chassis = "4"
    149 
    150 [device "pcie.5"]
    151   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    152   bus = "pcie.0"
    153   addr = "1c.4"
    154   port = "5"
    155   chassis = "5"
    156 
    157 [device "pcie.6"]
    158   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    159   bus = "pcie.0"
    160   addr = "1c.5"
    161   port = "6"
    162   chassis = "6"
    163 
    164 [device "pcie.7"]
    165   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    166   bus = "pcie.0"
    167   addr = "1c.6"
    168   port = "7"
    169   chassis = "7"
    170 
    171 [device "pcie.8"]
    172   driver = "pcie-root-port"
    173   bus = "pcie.0"
    174   addr = "1c.7"
    175   port = "8"
    176   chassis = "8"
    177 
    178 
    179 # SCSI storage controller (and storage)
    180 # =========================================================
    181 #
    182 # We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
    183 # number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
    184 # backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
    185 # attached to it.
    186 #
    187 # We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
    188 # purposes: once the guest OS has been successfully
    189 # installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
    190 # media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
    191 # optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
    192 # all relevant sections below.
    193 
    194 [device "scsi"]
    195   driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
    196   bus = "pcie.1"
    197   addr = "00.0"
    198 
    199 [device "scsi-disk"]
    200   driver = "scsi-hd"
    201   bus = "scsi.0"
    202   drive = "disk"
    203   bootindex = "1"
    204 
    205 [drive "disk"]
    206   file = "guest.qcow2"                          # CHANGE ME
    207   format = "qcow2"
    208   if = "none"
    209 
    210 [device "scsi-optical-disk"]
    211   driver = "scsi-cd"
    212   bus = "scsi.0"
    213   drive = "optical-disk"
    214   bootindex = "2"
    215 
    216 [drive "optical-disk"]
    217   file = "install.iso"                          # CHANGE ME
    218   format = "raw"
    219   if = "none"
    220 
    221 
    222 # Ethernet controller
    223 # =========================================================
    224 #
    225 # We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
    226 # hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
    227 # networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
    228 # additional privileges.
    229 
    230 [netdev "hostnet"]
    231   type = "user"
    232 
    233 [device "net"]
    234   driver = "virtio-net-pci"
    235   netdev = "hostnet"
    236   bus = "pcie.2"
    237   addr = "00.0"
    238 
    239 
    240 # USB controller (and input devices)
    241 # =========================================================
    242 #
    243 # We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and
    244 # a USB keyboard / USB tablet combo so that graphical
    245 # guests can be controlled appropriately.
    246 
    247 [device "usb"]
    248   driver = "nec-usb-xhci"
    249   bus = "pcie.3"
    250   addr = "00.0"
    251 
    252 [device "keyboard"]
    253   driver = "usb-kbd"
    254   bus = "usb.0"
    255 
    256 [device "tablet"]
    257   driver = "usb-tablet"
    258   bus = "usb.0"
    259 
    260 
    261 # Display controller
    262 # =========================================================
    263 #
    264 # We use virtio-gpu because the legacy VGA framebuffer is
    265 # very troublesome on aarch64, and virtio-gpu is the only
    266 # video device that doesn't implement it.
    267 #
    268 # If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially
    269 # headless host, you will probably want to append something
    270 # like
    271 #
    272 #   -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0
    273 #
    274 # to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from
    275 # creating a graphical display window on the host and
    276 # enable remote access instead.
    277 
    278 [device "video"]
    279   driver = "virtio-gpu"
    280   bus = "pcie.0"
    281   addr = "01.0"